How to use the command 'cargo new' (with examples)

Cargo is the Rust package manager and build system that aids developers in managing Rust projects with ease. The command cargo new is specifically used to create a new Cargo package by setting up a basic directory structure that is conducive for Rust development. It initiates a new project with a main file and a Cargo.toml file, which is essential for managing dependencies and project metadata. The command ensures that the new project adheres to the conventions of Rust package structure, making the transition from setup to development seamless.

Use case: Create a new Rust project with a binary target

Code:

cargo new path/to/directory

Motivation:

The primary motivation behind using the cargo new command to create a new Rust project with a binary target is to establish a standardized project structure quickly. Developers need a foundational setup to begin writing Rust code without manually creating directories and files, which can be error-prone and time-consuming. By using cargo new, developers can focus on writing and experimenting with their Rust code rather than dealing with the intricacies of project setup.

Explanation:

• cargo new: This is the command that initiates the creation of a new Cargo package. It embodies the specified directives for initializing a new Rust project.

• path/to/directory: This argument specifies the directory path where the new Rust project will be created. It’s a mandatory field that tells Cargo where to set up the new project. This path should not exist yet, as cargo new will create it. Specifying a directory ensures that developers always know where their new project is located and the structure that Cargo will create.

Example Output:

Upon executing the command, a new directory structure is created at the specified location. Inside this directory, a basic Rust project structure is established with the following components:

• A new folder named for your project (e.g., directory)
• Inside the folder:
  • Cargo.toml: A manifest file where dependencies and package metadata are defined
  • src/main.rs: The main source file where you can start writing Rust code

The console output would look like this:

     Created binary (application) `directory` package

Conclusion:

The cargo new command is essential for Rust developers seeking an efficient way to set up new projects conforming to Rust’s standards. It simplifies starting new projects, ensuring that developers can immediately jump into coding with a reliable structure in place. This convenience supports a smoother development experience, allowing developers to allocate more time to their actual programming endeavors. Whether you’re beginning your first Rust project or initiating another in your repertoire, cargo new stands as your trusty initiation command.