How to Use the Command 'ldapdomaindump' (with Examples)

’ldapdomaindump’ is a powerful tool designed for extracting information from a domain’s LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) server. This tool is particularly useful in cybersecurity and IT environments for gathering details about users, computers, groups, operating systems, and membership information which can be outputted into formats such as HTML, JSON, and greppable text. It offers an alternative to the commonly used ldapsearch command, and can help administrators and security professionals easily access and audit Active Directory data.

Use Case 1: Dump All Information Using the Given LDAP Account

Code:

ldapdomaindump --user domain\\administrator --password password|ntlm_hash hostname|ip

Motivation:

This use case is essential when you wish to gather comprehensive data from an LDAP server for auditing, reporting, or troubleshooting tasks. It provides a wide range of information by simply using an administrative account to authenticate against a specified LDAP server, which is crucial for a complete understanding of the domain’s state.

Explanation:

• --user domain\\administrator: Specifies the domain and the user account to authenticate to the LDAP server. Here, ‘domain’ is your domain name, and ‘administrator’ is the username used for accessing LDAP services. The double backslash is necessary in certain shell environments to escape the backslash character.
• --password password|ntlm_hash: Provides the password or NTLM hash of the user account. The user can utilize cleartext passwords or NTLM hash for securing credentials.
• hostname|ip: Specifies the target system by either hostname or IP address, allowing ldapdomaindump to connect to the correct LDAP server.

Example Output:

Executing this command will output data regarding every user, computer, group, and additional membership details within the domain. Information will typically include usernames, user roles, group memberships, machine names, and their corresponding operating systems.

Use Case 2: Dump All Information, Resolving Computer Hostnames

Code:

ldapdomaindump --resolve --user domain\\administrator --password password hostname|ip

Motivation:

When working with a large network, it is often useful to resolve computer hostnames to make data analysis more intuitive. This is particularly helpful for tasks like network mapping or when performing vulnerability assessments that involve identifying systems based on their network names rather than IP addresses.

Explanation:

• --resolve: Triggers the resolution of computer hostnames within the LDAP data. This option translates IPs into human-readable computer names, enhancing the readability and usability of the output.
• Other arguments (--user, --password, hostname|ip) remain unchanged, maintaining the same function as described in Use Case 1.

Example Output:

The output will feature the same breadth of data but with the addition of resolved hostname information for each computer within the domain. This capability aids in creating a clearer picture of the network infrastructure.

Use Case 3: Dump All Information, Resolving Computer Hostnames with the Selected DNS Server

Code:

ldapdomaindump --resolve --dns-server domain_controller_ip --user domain\\administrator --password password hostname|ip

Motivation:

This scenario is crucial when operating in networks with multiple domain controllers or distinct DNS configurations. Specifying a particular DNS server ensures that hostname resolution is consistent and accurate according to the desired DNS source, which is especially important in environments with complex DNS setups or partitioned network segments.

Explanation:

• --resolve: Still responsible for converting IP addresses to hostnames.
• --dns-server domain_controller_ip: Allows users to explicitly set the DNS server used for hostname resolution. This safeguards against misconfigurations or delays that might arise from using an undesired or incorrect DNS source.
• Remaining arguments are used as previously described in Use Case 1.

Example Output:

Similar to Use Case 2, but utilizing the designated DNS server for hostname resolution. This ensures a tailored, precise extraction of data reflecting the specified DNS’s records.

Use Case 4: Dump All Information to the Given Directory Without JSON Output

Code:

ldapdomaindump --no-json --outdir path/to/directory --user domain\\administrator --password password hostname|ip

Motivation:

For users who prefer to work with HTM files or greppable text files rather than JSON, or whose analysis tools require specific input formats, this use case allows for the omission of JSON. It also provides a clear structure by directing output into a specified directory.

Explanation:

• --no-json: Directs ldapdomaindump to exclude JSON data files in its output. This can be beneficial for users focusing solely on HTML-based visualization or text-pattern matching.
• --outdir path/to/directory: Specifies where output files should be stored. Organizing your dump data into a dedicated directory can help maintain workspace order and ease file retrieval.
• Other arguments corresponding to authentication and target specification function as previously outlined.

Example Output:

This command delivers output data in formats other than JSON, stored within the user-designated output directory. Users will find HTML reports and greppable text files enumerating the domain’s objects and properties.

Conclusion:

The ldapdomaindump command is an invaluable utility for IT professionals and security analysts needing to extract detailed LDAP server information. It provides flexibility and depth in its output options, allowing for comprehensive data organization and visualization suited to various networking and security contexts. Each use case showcases different facets and functionalities of ldapdomaindump, tailoring its capabilities to meet specific operational requirements.